Multistage Zeeman deceleration of atomic and molecular oxygen

Multistage Zeeman deceleration is a technique used to reduce the velocity of neutral molecules with a magnetic dipole moment. Here we present a Zeeman decelerator that consists of 100 solenoids and 100 magnetic hexapoles, that is based on a short prototype design presented recently [Phys. Rev. A 95, 043415 (2017)]. The decelerator features a modular design with excellent thermal and vacuum properties, and is robustly operated at a 10 Hz repetition rate. This multistage Zeeman decelerator is particularly optimized to produce molecular beams for applications in crossed beam molecular scattering experiments. We characterize the decelerator using beams of atomic and molecular oxygen. For atomic oxygen, the magnetic fields produced by the solenoids are used to tune the final longitudinal velocity in the 500 - 125 m/s range, while for molecular oxygen the velocity is tunable in the 350 - 150 m/s range. This corresponds to a maximum kinetic energy reduction of 95% and 80% for atomic and molecular oxygen, respectively.Comment: Latest version as accepted by Physical Review

Design and construction of a multistage Zeeman decelerator for crossed molecular beams scattering experiments

Zeeman deceleration is a relatively new technique used to obtain full control over the velocity of paramagnetic atoms or molecules in a molecular beam. We present a detailed description of a multistage Zeeman decelerator that has recently become operational in our laboratory [Cremers \emph{et al.}, Phys. Rev. A 98, 033406 (2018)], and that is specifically optimized for crossed molecular beams scattering experiments. The decelerator consists of an alternating array of 100 solenoids and 100 permanent hexapoles to guide or decelerate beams of paramagnetic atoms or molecules. The Zeeman decelerator features a modular design that is mechanically easy to extend to arbitrary length, and allows for solenoid and hexapole elements that are convenient to replace. The solenoids and associated electronics are efficiently water cooled and allow the Zeeman decelerator to operate at repetition rates exceeding 10 Hz. We characterize the performance of the decelerator using various beams of metastable rare gas atoms. Imaging of the atoms that exit the Zeeman decelerator reveals the transverse focusing properties of the hexapole array in the Zeeman decelerator

Effect of Systolic Blood Pressure on Left Ventricular Structure and Function A Mendelian Randomization Study

We aimed to estimate the effects of a lifelong exposure to high systolic blood pressure (SBP) on left ventricular (LV) structure and function using Mendelian randomization. A total of 5596 participants of the UK Biobank were included for whom cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and genetic data were available. Major exclusion criteria included nonwhite ethnicity, major cardiovascular disease, and body mass index >30 o

One-pot synthesis of nano-crystalline MCM-22

[EN] Nano-crystalline MCM-22 zeolite was synthesized in a one-pot procedure by the use of an organosilane (dimethyl-octadecyl-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-ammonium chloride, TPOAC) in the zeolite synthesis gel. This crystal growth inhibition procedure introduced mesopores in the MCM-22 crystallites. The lower mechanical stability of the nano-crystalline MCM-22 zeolite compared with bulk MCM-22 can be countered to some extent by pillaring. The increased external surface of the microporous zeolite domains resulted in increased accessibility of the Bronsted acid sites, as followed from the better performance in liquid-phase benzene alkylation with propylene as compared with bulk MCM-22. The increased accessibility of the internal acid sites in Mo-loaded hierarchical MCM-22 was also evident from the improved benzene selectivity during methane aromatization. Silylation of hierarchical Mo/MCM-22 was detrimental for the catalytic performance in MDA. The nano-crystalline MCM-22 has physico-chemical and catalytic properties intermediate between those of MCM-22 and ITQ-2 with the benefit over ITQ-2 that it can be synthesized in a single step. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Funding from the 7th Framework Program of the European Commission through the Collaborative Project Next-GTL (agreement no 229183) and financial support by the Spanish Government-MINECO through "Severo Ochoa" (SEV 2012-0267), Consolider Ingenio 2010-Multicat (CSD2009-00050) and MAT2012-31657 are acknowledged. Marta E. Martinez Armero thanks MINECO for economical support through pre-doctoral fellowship for doctors training (BES-2013-066800). The authors thank B. Esparcia for technical assistance.Tempelman, CHL.; Portilla Ovejero, MT.; Martínez Armero, ME.; Mezari, B.; De Caluwe, NGR.; Martínez, C.; Hensen, EJM. (2016). One-pot synthesis of nano-crystalline MCM-22. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. 220:28-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2015.08.018S283822

行政だより

Research on social inequalities in sports participation and unstructured physical activity among young children is scarce. This study aimed to assess the associations of family socioeconomic position (SEP) and ethnic background with children's sports participation and outdoor play. Methods: We analyzed data from 4726 ethnically diverse 6-year-old children participating in the Generation R Study. Variables were assessed by parent-reported questionnaires when the child was 6 years old. Low level of outdoor play was defined as outdoor play <1 hour per day. Series of multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess associations of family SEP and ethnic background with children's sports participation and outdoor play. Results: Socioeconomic inequalities in children's sports participation were found when using maternal educational level (p<0.05), paternal educational level (p<0.05), maternal employment status (p<0.05), and household income (p<0.05) as family SEP indicator (less sports participation among low SEP children). Socioeconomic inequalities in children's outdoor play were found when using household income only (p<0.05) (more often outdoor play <1 hour per day among children from low income household). All ethnic minority children were significantly more likely to not to participate in sports and play outdoor <1 hour per day compared with native Dutch children. Adjustment for family SEP attenuated associations considerably, especially with respect to sports participation. Conclusion: Low SEP children and ethnic minority children are more likely not to participate in sports and more likely to display low levels of outdoor play compared with high SEP children and native Dutch children, respectively. In order to design effective interventions, further research, including qualitative studies, is needed to explore more in detail the pathways relating family SEP and ethnic background to children's sports participation and outdoor play

Appropriate Transgressions: Parody and Decorum in Ancient Greece and Rome

Through the close analysis of Greek and Roman parodies and writings about parody, this dissertation seeks to defamiliarize the process by which readers identify one text (or genre, image, action, body, and so on) as a parody of another. Parody differs from other modes of adaptation in that it introduces an incongruity that was not present in the original. To read a text as parody, then, is to claim that the parodying text lacks the decorous integrity, the appropriate fitting-together as a whole, possessed by its model. At the same time, however, parodies are not simply failed, incongruous imitations. The very function of the word “parody” is to provide such texts with a justification in terms of decorum: parodies are texts for which it is appropriate to be inappropriate. This understanding of parody as an “appropriate transgression” presents an opportunity for investigating the often implicit norms of decorum by which Greek and Roman communities operated. Decorum—that which counts as appropriate, fitting, suitable—is after all not a matter of fact. Decorum is a normative construct: a concept that justifies beliefs about how texts ought to be composed and how people ought to behave, speak, and look. From inside a community, however, norms of decorum often seem so self-evident that they are rarely explicitly addressed. Parodic texts, through their double relationship to norms of appropriateness (transgressing against the decorum of their model while justifying themselves through some other logic of propriety) thus create a space to explore, and identify the limits of, decorum as a norm-giving principle. Chapter 1, “Lentil Soup and Cologne: Parōidia and Parody as Appropriate Transgression,” shows how the notion of parody as an “appropriate transgression” goes back to the ancient genre that gave modern parody its name: Classical Athenian parōidia. A close reading of a fragment of Hegemon of Thasos, the “inventor of parōidia” who bore the nickname “Lentil Soup” shows that the poet is actively trying to justify his work in terms of propriety even as he is purposefully applying Homeric style and language to bathetic subjects. Chapter 2, “The Elusive Decorum Manual: Appropriateness in Greek and Roman Thought,” introduces decorum as a crucial notion in ancient philosophy, literary criticism, and rhetoric. Despite the prominence of decorum in these discourses, close readings of Cicero’s Orator, On the Orator, and On Duties, of Book 11 of Quintilian’s Institutes of Oratory, and of Plautus’ Asinaria, reveal that decorum is a flawed basis for normative thought, ripe for parodic exploitation. Decorum is seen as a centrally important virtue, yet impossible to talk about. It is understood as purely rational and self-evident, yet often reveals itself as socially constructed and subject to negotiation or adjudication. And decorum is regarded as unitary, but is in fact often a contradictory basis for behavior or utterance, in that individuals are often subject to multiple conflicting demands of propriety at once. The second half of the dissertation offers a few case studies of parodic texts which explore these tensions in decorum as a normative concept. Chapter 3, “The Cyclops and the Yacht: Reverse Parody in Catalepton 10 and Virgil’s Eclogue 2,” shows how two texts in the Virgilian corpus retroactively interpret their models, Catullus 4 and Theocritus’ Idyll 11, as parodies, as Fremdkörper within their authors’ oeuvres. Catelepton 10 and Eclogue 2 rewrite these source text in such a way that they are arguably better suited to the typical authorial styles of Catullus and Theocritus, and to the genres associated with these authors, than the poems written by Catullus and Theocritus themselves. In doing so, these “reverse parodies” raise the question of how readers form a sense of an author’s “proper” style, and how norms of genre decorum are shaped. Chapter 4, “Crimes Against Fate: Reading Crossdressing as Gender Parody in Statius’ Achilleid,” illustrates how the process of parodic reading can also clarify the workings of decorum beyond the literary-critical sphere, in the realm of ethics. Statius’ epic repeatedly stages scenes in which one character tries to persuade another that Achilles’ sojourn on the island of Scyros in the disguise of a girl was not a failure of masculinity, but an “appropriate transgression.” The shifting justifications for this act of crossdressing, depending on changing audiences and changing circumstances, show that decorum is an unstable basis for normative moral behavior. What counts as appropriate, after all, must constantly be renegotiated and re-adjudicated. The dissertation shows that parody, as a form of imitation deeply implicated in historically and contextually determined notions of decorum, is an unconventional but illuminating method of engaging with philosophical and literary-critical problems. As such, this project not only contributes to our understanding of ancient intellectual history and intertextuality in Greek and Roman literature, but it is of broad significance to scholars interested in the intersections between humor, literary adaptation, and normativity

Meten van smaakstoffen voor Kas als Apotheek

Meten van smaakstoffen voor Kas als Apothee

Outcome after fixation of metastatic proximal femoral fractures: A systematic review of 40 studies

Endoprosthetic reconstruction, intramedullary nailing, and open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) are the most commonly practiced surgical strategies for treatment of metastatic proximal femoral fractures. This review describes functional outcome, local, and systemic complications. All three surgical strategies result in reasonable function on average; however, wide ranges indicate that both poor and good functional levels are obtained. We found that the overall reoperation rate was comparable for endoprosthesis and intramedullary nailing, but was higher for ORIF. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:507-519. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, In

Potential for Reducing Time to Referral for Colorectal Cancer Patients in Primary Care

PURPOSE: An optimal diagnostic process in primary care is pivotal for reducing cancer-related disease burden. This study aims to explore reasons for long times to referral for Dutch colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in primary care. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of anonymized free-text primary care records from the Julius General Practitioners' Network database, linked to the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Patients with a confirmed CRC diagnosis from 2007 through 2011 that symptomatically presented in primary care were included. Median time and interquartile ranges from presentation in primary care to referral were calculated for multiple patient and presentation characteristics. Associations of these characteristics with long time to referral (75th percentile was ≥59 days) were examined with log-binomial regression analyses. Routes to referral of patients with the longest times to referral were explored using thematic free-text analyses (90th percentile at ≥219 days). RESULTS: Among the 309 people with CRC, patients who were female, did not have a registered family history, had a history of malignancy, lacked alarm symptoms at presentation, or had hemorrhoids at physical examination were at risk for longer time to referral in univariable analyses (longer median durations and/or univariable association with the 75th percentile). Only presentation without alarm symptoms showed a statistically significant association with long duration (75th percentile) in multivariable analysis (relative risk = 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1-2.6). Thematic exploration of the diagnostic routes to referral of patients with the longest durations (90th percentile) showed 2 dominating themes: "alternative working diagnosis" and "suboptimal diagnostic strategies," and included the sub-themes "omitting to reconsider an initial diagnosis" and "lacking follow-up." CONCLUSIONS: Long time to referral for CRC in primary care is mainly related to low cancer suspicion. There is potential for reducing the longest times to referral for patients with CRC in primary care, with earlier reconsideration of the initial hypothesis and implementation of strict follow-up consultations